1.1. Two groups of participants took part in a memory experiment. The researcher read 20 words to the participants.

• Participants in Group A had to write down the words immediately after they had heard them.

• Participants in Group B had to write down the words after they had read a book for one minute.

The researcher noticed that:

• participants in Group A generally recalled words from the beginning and the end of the list

• participants in Group B generally recalled words from the beginning of the list only.

Outline what is meant by standardisation and suggest one way standardisation could have been used in this experiment.

1.2. Outline what is meant by randomisation and suggest one way randomisation could have been used in this experiment.

1.3. Explain the results of this experiment with reference to the multi-store model of memory.