Thermal Energy Transfer
1. This question has 4 part(s).
1.1. Define what is meant by the latent heat of vaporisation.
1.2. Explain why energy is needed to change liquid water at 100 ºC to water vapour at 100 ºC.
1.3. State the name of two phase changes where the latent heat of vaporisation is used.
1.4. In buildings, dehumidifiers are often used to combat the growth of damp and mould, caused by excess moisture in the walls or air, by maintaining the correct levels of humidity in the air.
A simplified diagram of a refrigerant dehumidifier is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1

As moist air enters the dehumidifier, it gets directed to the coils in the evaporator. The moisture condenses as it comes in contact with the cold coils and the droplets of water are collected in a water tank that is periodically emptied.
The condenser restores the cooled down air to room temperature and the fan directs this back into the room. The compressor is used to heat the coils.
Determine the mass of water collected if the evaporator uses 4.5 kJ of energy.
Latent heat of vaporisation of water = 2.3 × 106 J kg–1
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