1.1. Table 2.1 shows some information about the homologous series of unbranched carboxylic acids.

Table 2.1

One of the characteristics of a homologous series is that it has a general formula.

i) the general formula for the homologous series of unbranched carboxylic acids.

[1]

ii) Describe two other characteristics of a homologous series.

[2]

1.2. An aqueous solution of propanoic acid is a weak acid.

Define the term acid.

1.3. Butanoic acid reacts with ethanol to make an ester.

State the name of the ester made and draw the displayed formula of the ester linkage.

1.4. Ethanoic acid is a liquid at room temperature.

Describe the changes in the arrangement and movement of the molecules of ethanoic acid

when it is heated from room temperature to 120°C.