1. Sam, a zoologist, is a member of a group researching the masses of gentoo penguins.  The research group takes a sample of 100 male and 100 female penguins and records their masses.

An outlier is an observation that falls either more than 1.5 $\times$(interquartile range) above the upper quartile or less than 1.5 $\times$  (interquartile range) below the lower quartile.

Given that values are outliers if they are less than 4.2 kg or more than 8.5 kg, calculate the upper and lower quartiles for the mass of the 200 gentoo penguins.