Electronic mail, popularly known as 'e-mail', is the communication of textual messages via electronic means. Although telex communication is also electronic in nature, there are differences between a telex and an e-mail. While telex communication is terminal-to-terminal, electronic mail communication is user-to-user. In telex. messages destined to a number of users are sent to the same terminal from where it is distributed in a printed form by an operator. On the other hand, e-mail is delivered to individual electronic mail boxes based in computer. An important advantage of e-mail is its ability to reduce the consumption of paper in the office. Internal memos and reports can be exchanged electronically without using paper. Being a computer-based messaging system, files prepared on computers can be instantly copied and easily exchanged as e-mail. This facility has the potential of improving office efficiency considerably.Being a person-to-person communication, e-mail turns out to be a cheaper alternative to telephone conversation and eliminates the time spent in establishing phone calls. Privacy is ensured as the mail is delivered to an individual's mail box which can be accessed or opened only by the intended recipient. E-mail has brought about a revolution in modern communication. Messages can be transmitted from one country to another within seconds. It is far cheaper than telephone calls. Trade and commerce has become greatly dependent on this mode of communication.

(a) Mention three advantages of using e-mail according to the passage.

(b) How is privacy maintained through an e-mail?

(c) What is the principal disadvantage of using 'Telex"?

Answer each of the following questions in one complete sentence.

(a) How did Galileo contribute to science? 

(b) What did Galileo do with his telescope?

(c) Why did Galileo have trouble with the church?

(d) What notion do you get about the church of Galileo's time?

(e) What do you know about the schooling of Galileo?

Read the following passage and answer the question:

Some people love to watch telorision sitting alone in their living rooms in the orening. There are others who pass time, engaging in gossip. People who temporarily withdraw their attention from their immediate surroundings for the pleasure of building castles in the air are not at all hard to see. Oren the most fidgety children enjoy sitting quietly for an hour or two and playing computer game. All these are nothing but pleasurable diversions. Amusements can, therefore, be of wide variety. One cannot imagine living a life without some form of amusement now and then. An amusement, of whatorer type it is, makes time pass pleasantly.

Now, of all the amusements which can possibly be imagined for a hard working man, after his day's toil, there is nothing like reading an entertaining book. It calls for no bodily exertion, of which he has had enough. It reliores his home of its dullness. It transports him to a lovelier and more interesting world of scenes and beauties. And while he enjoys all these, he may forget the orils of the present moment. It accompanies him to his day's work. If the book he has been reading be anything, above the very idlest and lightest, it gives him something to think about during the drudgery of his oreryday occupation. If I were to pray for a taste which should stand me in good, stead under orery variety of circumstances and be a source of happiness and cheerfulness through life, it would be a taste for reading. Give a man this taste and the means of gratifying it, and you can hardly fail to make a happy man of him. You place him thus with the best society in orery period of history, with the wisest, the bravest and the purest characters which have advanced humanity. You make him a citizen of all nations, a contemporary of all ages.

Indicate, whether the following statements are true or false. If false, give the correct information.

(a) Reading an entertaining book requires somebody no amount of physical labour.

(b) A taste of reading is a sign of culture.

(c) Diversions are needed to break the monotony of life.

(d) All books give the readers something to think about.

(e) Anything that people do for pleasure is an amusement.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below: (Don't copy sentences directly from the paragraph)

The national Memorial at Savar is a symbol of the nation's respect for the martyrs of the war of liberation. It is built with concrete, but made of blood. It stands 150 feet tall, but every martyr it stands for, stands so much taller. It is an achievement of the dimensions of which is immeasurable. It stands upright for the millions of martyrs who laid down their lives so that we may stand upright, in honour and dignity, amongst the nations of the world.
Questions:
(i) Why did we build national memorial?
(ii) What does the tall or height of the memorial mean?
(iii) How do we pay honour to the martyrs?
(iv) How did it represent the millions of martyr?
(v) Mention the theme of the passage.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Perhaps the most pervasive climatic effect of global warming is rapid escalation of ice melt. Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa, portions of the South American Andes, and the Himalayas will very likely lose most of their glacial ice within the next two decades, affecting local water resources. Glacial ice continues its retreat in Alaska. NASA scientists determined that Greenland's ice sheet is thinning by about one meter per year. The additional melt water, especially from continental ice masses and glaciers is adding to a rise in sea level worldwide. Satellite remote sensing is monitoring global' sea level, sea ice, and continental ice. Worldwide measurements confirm that sea level rose during the last century. A loss of polar ice mass, augmented by melting of alpine and mountain glaciers, which exp evinced more than 30% decrease in overall ice mass during the last century, will affect sea level rise. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment states that "between one-third to one-half of the existing mountain glacier mass could disappear over the next hundred years." Also "there is conclusive evidence for a worldwide recession of mountain glaciers. This is among the clearest and best evidence for a change in energy balance at the Earth's surface since the end of the 19th century." Sea level rise must be expressed as a range of values that are under constant reassessment. The 2001 IPCC forecast for global mean sea level rise this century given regional variations, is from 0.11-0.88m. The median value of 0.48 m is two to four times the rate of previous increase. These increases would continue beyond 2100 even if green house gas concentrations are stabilized. A quick survey of world coastlines shows that even a moderate

ise could bring changes of unparalleled proportions. At stakes are the river deltas, lowland coastal farming valleys, and low-lying mainland areas, all contending with high water, high tides, and higher storm surges. Particularly tragic social and economic consequences will affect small island states being able to adjust within their present country boundaries, disruption of biological systems, loss of biodiversity, reduction later resources, among other impacts. There could be both internal and international migration of affected human populations, spread over decades, as people move away from coastal flooding from sea level rise.

¡) What is the cause of global warming and which is the most pervasive climate effect of this phenomenon? 

¡¡) What did NASA scientists predict?

¡¡¡) Which areas are likely to be most affected due to sea level rise?

¡v) Why will people move ioway from the coastlines in the future?

v) what does 2100 IPCC forecast states that sea level rise this century is from 0.11-0.88m.