Frequent closures of Universities badly ––– academic progress.

The sentence "Frequent closures of universities badly affect academic progress" uses the verb "affect" to describe the impact of frequent university closures on academic progress. In English grammar, "affect" is a transitive verb used to indicate influence or change upon something. In this sentence, "affect" is appropriately used to convey the negative consequences of university closures on academic progress. The adverb "badly" intensifies the degree to which academic progress is affected, providing additional emphasis. Overall, the sentence effectively communicates the idea that repeated closures of universities have a significant detrimental effect on academic progress.