1.1. Researchers investigated locus of control using a questionnaire. They categorised participants as either high internal or high external. Participants were then asked by an authority figure to complete a long and boring task. The researchers recorded how many participants in each group refused to continue with the task.

The researchers decided to analyse whether the number of participants who refused the order varied between the ‘high internal’ group and the ‘high external’ group using a chi-squared test.

Apart from the level of measurement, give two reasons why the researchers used the chi-squared test.

1.2. The calculated value of chi-squared was 4.23.

Table 1: Critical values for the chi-squared test for a one-tailed test

^{The calculated value of chi-squared should be equal to or greater than the critical value to be statistically significant}

With reference to the critical values in Table 1, explain whether or not the difference between groups is significant at the 5% level.