Fission & Fusion
1. This question has 4 part(s).
1.1. Nuclear power stations use a uranium isotope as fuel.
The table shows information about three isotopes of uranium.
Isotope | Proton number | Neutron number | Half-life | Amount in natural uranium |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Uranium-234 | 92 | 142 | 0.0002 billion years | 0.005% |
Uranium-235 | 143 | 0.7 billion years | 0.7% | |
Uranium-238 | 92 | 4.5 billion years | 99% |
(i) Complete the table by filling in the missing numbers.
(ii) Explain what is meant by the term half-life.
(iii) Suggest why uranium-238 is the most common isotope of uranium.
1.2. What are the products of the fission of uranium nuclei?
1.3. The diagram shows the reactor in a nuclear power station.
(i) What is the purpose of the moderator?
(ii) Describe what happens in the reactor when a control rod is removed.
1.4. There have been several accidents at nuclear power stations. The most serious accident caused an explosion in the reactor. This explosion spread material from inside the reactor to the surrounding area.
Explain why it is difficult to make the surrounding area safe again after a serious nuclear accident.
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