1.1. This question is about the reactions of phenol and benzene. 

Explain the difference in bromination of phenol and benzene. In your answer, include structures of any organic products formed in the reaction. 

1.2. A mixture of 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol can be formed via the pathway shown in Fig. 1.1.

Fig. 1.1

i) State the reagents required for reaction 1.

[1]  

ii) Calculate the mass, in grams, of phenol required to form 30 g of 2-nitrophenol assuming a 35% yield. Give your answer to three significant figures and show your working. 

mass = ............... g

[4]

1.3. Phenol reacts with sodium to form a salt and hydrogen gas in an acid-base reaction.

Explain why phenol behaves as a weak acid.