1.1. Figure 2 shows an energy transfer diagram for a steam engine.

The diagram shows the amounts of energy transferred each second by the steam engine.  

Figure 2

i) Calculate the amount of wasted energy. 

wasted energy = ..................... J[1]

ii) Calculate the efficiency of the steam engine.

Use the equation 

$efficiency=\frac{(usefulenergytransferredbythesteamengine)}{(totalenergysuppliedtothesteamengine)}$

efficiency = ............................[2]

iii) State what happens to the wasted energy.  

[1]

iv) Coal is a fossil fuel that is burnt in some steam engines.

State two ways that the use of coal might be harmful to the environment. 

[2]

1.2. A model train has a mass of 8.0 kg.It travels at a speed of 1.5 m/s.

Calculate the kinetic energy of the model train.

Use the equation

$kineticenergy=\frac{1}{2}\timesmass\times{(speed)}^{2}$

kinetic energy = ................. J