1.1. All living organisms exchange substances with the environment. Plant roots use two different methods to absorb water and ions from the soil.

Explain why roots have two different methods to absorb water and ions.

1.2. Table 1 shows the concentrations of three mineral ions in the roots of a plant and in the surrounding soil.

All three mineral ions are essential to the healthy functioning of a plant.

Table 1

Explain why the plant roots can not absorb these mineral ions by diffusion.

1.3. Waterlogged soil has a lower oxygen concentration than non-waterlogged soil.

Suggest the impact of waterlogged soil on the activity of root cells.