1.1. This question is about the reactions of phenol, cyclohexene and benzene. 

Explain the difference in bromination of phenol and benzene. In your answer, include structures of any organic products formed in the reaction. 

1.2. Explain why cyclohexene does not require aluminium bromide when it undergoes bromination. 

1.3. A mixture of 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol can be formed via the pathway shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1

i) State the reagents required for reaction 1.

[1]

ii) Calculate the mass of phenol required to form 30 g of 2-nitrophenol assuming 35% yield. Assume that equal amounts of 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol are formed.

[4]

1.4. Phenol reacts with sodium to form a salt and hydrogen gas in an acid base reaction.

Explain why phenol behaves as a weak acid.