1.1. This question is about nitrogen and some of its compounds.

Nitrogen and hydrogen do not react with each other at room temperature.

At high temperatures, nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia, NH₃.

i) Give a chemical equation for this reaction.

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ii) Give a reason why this reaction only occurs at high temperatures.

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1.2. The rate of the reaction is increased by passing the gases over a catalyst.

Explain how a catalyst increases the rate of a reaction.

1.3. Explain how increasing the pressure of gases increases the rate of reaction.

1.4. Nitrogen is a simple molecule with the formula N₂.

i) Complete the diagram to show the outer shell electrons in nitrogen.

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ii) The bonds in nitrogen are covalent.

Describe the forces of attraction in a covalent bond.

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ii) Explain why nitrogen has a low boiling point.

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1.5. i) Describe the effect of heat on ammonium chloride.

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ii) Write an equation for the reaction.

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