Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the features of dream. (One is done for you.)

Dreams have fascinated philosophers for thousands of years, but only recently have dreams been subjected to empirical research and scientific study. Chances are that you've often found yourself puzzling over the content of a dream, or perhaps you've' wondered why you dream at all. First, let's start by answering a basic question: What is a dream? A dream can include any of the images, thoughts and emotions that are experienced during sleep. Dreams. can be extraordinarily vivid or very vague; filled with joyful emotions or frightening images, focused and understandable or unclear and confusing.

Why do we dream? What purpose do dreams serve? While many theories have been proposed no consensus has emerged. Considering the time. we spend in a dreaming state, the fact that researchers do not yet understand the purpose of dreams may seem baffling. However, it is important to consider that science is still unraveling the exact purpose and function of sleep itself: Some researchers suggest that dreams serve no real purpose, while others believe that dreaming is essential to mental, emotional and physical well-being.

Next, let's learn more about some of the most prominent dream theories. Consistent with the psychoanalytic perspective, Sigmund Freud's theory of dreams suggests that dreams are a representation of subconscious desires, thoughts and motivations. According to Freud, people are driven by aggressive and sexual instincts that are repressed from conscious awareness. While these thoughts are not consciously expressed, they find their way into our awareness via dreams. In his famous book The Interpretation of Dreams (1899). Freud wrote that dreams are "..... disguised fulfilments of repressed wishes."

Full of thoughts, images and emotions→

2.→

3.→

4.→

5.→

6.

Read the following text and make a flow-chart showing role and activities of Gazi Pir. (One is done for you):

According to some myths and legends, Gazi Pir was a Muslim saint who is said to have spread Islam in the parts of Bengal close to the Sundarbans. He was credited with many miracles. For example, he could supposedly calm dangerous animals and make them docile. He is usually depicted in paats or scroll paintings riding a fierce-looking Bengal tiger, a snake in his hand, but in no apparent danger. According to some stories, he also fought crocodiles who threatened the people of a region full of canals and creeks, indeed, a kind of watery jungle bordering the Bay of Bengal. Because of his alert and vigilant presence, all predatory animals were said to have been kept within bounds. It was also believed that he enabled villagers to live close to forests and jungles and cultivate their lands.

1. Close to the Sundarbans → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5 → 6.

Read the following passage and make a flow chart showing the information about the activities of Jerry involved with. (One is done for you.)

At daylight I was half wakened by the sound of chopping. Again it was so even in texture that went back to sleep. When I left my bed in the cool morning, the boy had come and gone, and a stack of kindling was neat against the cabin wall. He came arter school in the afternoon and worked until time to return to the orphanage. His name was Jerry ... he had been at the orphanage since he was four. I could picture him at four. with the same grave gray-blue eyes and the same independence? No, the word that comes to me is "integrity". ‥ It is bedded on courage, but it is more than brave. It is honest, but it is more than honesty. The ax handle broke one day. Jerry said the woodshop at the orphanage would repair it. I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. "I'll pay for it," he said. "I broke it. I brought the ax down.careless." "But no one hits accurately every time," I told him. "The fault was in the wood of the handle. I'll see the man from whom I bought it." It was only then that he would take the money. He was standing back of his own carelessness. He was a free-will agent and he chose to do careful work, and if he failed, he took the responsibility without subterfuge.

Read the following passage and make a flow chart showing the principles of ecotourism set forth by the International Ecotourism Society (No. 1 has been done for you.)

Ecotourism is broadly defined as low impact travel to endangered and often undisturbed locations. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveller to become educated about the areas-both in terms of the physical landscape and cultural characteristics. It often provides funds for conservation and benefits the economic development of places that are often impoverished.

Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Most of these are not truly ecotourism, however, because they do not emphasize conservation, education, low impact travel, and social and cultural participation in the locations being visited.

Therefore, to be considered ecotourism, a trip must meet the following principles set forth by the International Ecotourism Society (TIES: 2015):

• Minimize the impact of visiting the location (i. e. the use of roads)

• Build respect and awareness of the travelers for the environment and cultural practices.

• Ensure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the travelers and the hosts.

• Provide direct financial aid for conservation.

• Provide financial aid, empowerment and other benefits for local peoples.

• Raise travellers' awareness of the host country's political, environmental and social climate.

1. Minimizing the impact of visiting the location. → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6.

Read the following text and make a flow-chart showing the factors causing the disappearance of the mangrove forest. (One is done for you.):—

A vast mangrove forest shared by Bangladesh and India that is home to possibly 500 Bengal tigers is being rapidly destroyed by erosion, rising sea levels and storm surges, according to a major study by researchers at the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) and others. Natalie Pettorelli, one of the report's authors, said, "Coastline retreat is evident everywhere. A continuing rate of retreat would see these parts of the mangrove disappear within 50 years. On the Indian side of the Sundarbans, the island which extends most into the Bay of Bengal has receded by an average of 150 metres a year, with a maximum of just over 200 metres this would see the disappearance of the island in about 20 years." The Sundarbans is known for vanishing islands but the scientists said the current retreat of the mangrove forests on the southern coastline is not normal. "The causes for increasing coastline retreat, other than anthropogenic ones, include increased frequency of storm surges and other extreme natural events, rises in seal-level and increased salinity which increases the vulnerability of mangroves," said Pettorelli.

1. Frequent storm surges → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5 → 6.